Aperture - The AMOUNT of light let into the camera

Aperture is the opening in the lens that controls the AMOUNT of light that you allow to enter the camera. 

It is measured in a thing we call the F number.



As you decrease the size of the Aperture you increase the amount of the picture that is in focus. This is called Depth of field.

Watch the following video for a good explanation of how Aperture works. We'll began using different F Stops and doing Depth of Field exercises later in class.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lUbjkMm_v-A


Depth of Field is the amount of the image that is in sharp focus

Here is the a link that describes how and when to use Aperture Priority

Here's link that descibes how to take better pictures using Aperture Priority.

Use the Nikons to experiment with Depth of Field around the building. Take pictures with both Shallow and Deep Depth of Field. We'll post them next class.

Shutter Speed Exercise - Post to your blog

In 3 correctly exposed (not underexposed or overexposed) capture an example of the following:

• Freezing Action
• Motion Blur
• Tracking 

Label each picture with the shutter speed and ISO you used. 

See the examples below.....

Freezing Action
Shutter Speed 1/1250 seconds
ISO 3200

Motion Blur
Shutter speed 1.6 seconds
ISO 100

Tracking
Shutter Speed 1/3 seconds
ISO 400

Shutter Speed

The next Element of Exposure we will explore is Shutter Speed.

Shutter Speed is - The amount of TIME you let light into the camera.

Shutter Speed is measured in seconds or fractions of a second.

For example:

1" = 1 second

1/2 = 1 half second

1/125 = 1 one hundred twenty-fifth of a second

A Shutter Speed of 1 second is considered SLOW, and as it moves into fractions of a second, such as 1/125, the Shutter Speed is described as FAST.

By changing shutter speeds you not only control how long light enters the camera but also how motion is captured in your image. You can Freeze the movement of your subject, Show Motion Blur, or Track your subject.

Here is an example of how shutter speed shows motion blur or freezes action.

Use the Thumb dial to set the Shutter Speed. In the screen below, the Shutter Speed is set at 1/60, or one sixtieth of a second. 1/60 is basically a dividing line between slow and fast shutter speeds.

Follow this link for a description of how shutter speed works.

We will now have a hands-on practice session and I will demonstrate how to change the Shutter Speed on the Nikon DSLRs.

Next you will practice taking

Today we will use various shutter speeds to:
1. Freeze motion (fast shutter speed of 1/125 or higher)
2. Create a Motion Blur (Shutter speed around 1/15 or slower)
3. Tracking - Panning (Shutter Speed about 1/60)

ISO Excercise - Post to Your Blog

Last class we discussed ISO, what it means, and how to change the ISO settings on the camera.

Today we will explore how changing the ISO settings affects the pictures we take.

Today you will go out for 10-15 minutes and take the following pictures:

• Set the ISO to 100 and take 1 picture somewhere inside the building
• Set the ISO to 800 and take 1 picture somewhere inside the building
• Set the ISO to 1600 and take 1 picture somewhere inside the building
• Set the ISO to 100 and take 1 picture outside
• Set the ISO to 800 and take 1 picture outside
• Set the ISO to 1600 and take 1 picture outside

Upload each picture to a blog post titled "ISO Exercise" and label each picture according to ISO and location (inside or outside).

Answer the following questions.

What happens to the pictures with low ISO inside?
What happens with high ISO inside?
What happens with low ISO outside?
What happens with high ISO outside?

How does the medium (800) affect the pictures?


Here is a good example from a previous class:
https://sierrawallenphoto14afall17.blogspot.com/2017/08/

Lets Take Snow Pictures Today

It snowed in case you might not have noticed, and there is still enough to photograph.

lest talk about the camers settings we should use....what is a good ballpark ISO? Should we set the camera to be more or less sensitive to light?

Which auto setting do you think we should use?

Take 15 minutes to take pics of the snow. Come back and we'll work on downloading them to our laptops and uploading to our blogs.

ISO - The Cameras's Sensitivity to Light

ISO is  how sensitive the sensor in the camera is to light.

Low ISO = Low Sensitivity to Light
High ISO = High Sensitivity to Light

The ISO numbers double as they increase: 100 - 200 - 400 - 800, etc. Notice that this means each setting makes the camera twice as sensitive to light as the previous setting.

The ISO ranges from 100 to 3200 and above. There is also a "High 01" and High 02" setting.

Here are some links that go into greater detail about ISO.

https://photographylife.com/what-is-iso-in-photography

http://digital-photography-school.com/iso-settings

http://www.digitalcameraworld.com/2014/02/19/what-is-iso-camera-sensitivity-settings-and-the-best-ways-to-use-them/

You should always try to use the LOWEST ISO POSSIBLE to obtain the best quality image.

The 3 Elements of Exposure

Exposure is the action of letting a certain amount of light into the camera through the lens for a certain amount of time. The light then hits the camera sensor and the image is captured.

There are three basic elements to Exposure:

• ISO - The Camera's sensitivity to light
• Shutter Speed - The time (in seconds) that light is allowed into the camera
• Aperture - How much light is allowed into the camera

We will learn about each of these elements of Exposure over the next few weeks.

Digital Photography School.com
https://digital-photography-school.com/learning-exposure-in-digital-photography/

Exposure Guide dot com
http://www.exposureguide.com/exposure.htm

Exposure Basics from Nikon
http://www.nikonusa.com/en/Learn-And-Explore/Article/fue0dnl6/a-basic-look-at-the-basics-of-exposure.html

Types of Digital Cameras

There are many different types of digital cameras. Which one you choose will depend on how much control you want over your photography and price.
These links do a good job of describing the various types of cameras available.

http://www.circuitstoday.com/different-types-of-digital-cameras
http://easybasicphotography.com/Types-of-cameras.html

The articles above explain that there are three types of digital cameras, Point and Shoot, Bridge, and DSLRs. You need to know the differences and advantages and disadvantages of each type.

We will be using Nikon DSLRs in class. 


You need to know and demonstrate the following:

• Find the Mode Dial
• Locate and explain the various settings on the Mode Dial, including P, S, A, M and the Auto modes
• Find the Information Display, and locate and click on the ISO, Aperture, and Shutter settings within the display.

Are You Taking a Snapshot or a Photograph?

Review the following articles....

Snapshot or Photograph, what is the difference?

What constitutes landscape photography over that of a snapshot?

For your first blog post,  discuss the important aspects of these articles. Answer
the following questions...

What are differences between a snapshot and a photograph?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of each type?
Do you agree or disagree with the author's definitions?? Explain your answer.
Can a snapshot ever qualify as art? Why or why not?

Create Your Photo 1 Blog

Today we will each use blogger to create our own blog for this class.

You will upload projects and document your progress as you work throughout the semester. This is where you will also upload your final portfolio.

You automatically have an account in blogger because you have your school google account. You will use the same login and password as your Ozark google mail.

We'll do this together and i will walk you through the process. Hint... if you took my Art foundations class last year then you've already done this! 

Let's get started! 

Create a new blog and create the web address in the following format:

firstnamelastinitialphoto14bspring18

for example: johnnycphoto11bfall17

You may title the blog however you'd like.

When you are done email the address of your blog to me at johncazort@ga.ozark.k12.mo.org

Welcome to Photo 1

Welcome to class! Prepare yourself to be challenged both creatively and technically!

Please go to this blog address and bookmark it! All of our information will be here:

http://ohsphoto14bspring18.blogspot.com

Next we'll go over the syllabus and projects for the semester, and then we'll each set up a blog. 

After you create your blog send the address to me at johncazort@ga.ozark.k12.mo.us.